Sabtu, 19 Mei 2012

BIOGRAPHY OF CONFUCIUS

Confucius tahu semua hal tentang hal hidup, tapi sedikit sekali yang kta tahu tentang hidupnya. Ia telah mewariskan kepada kita bagaimana cara berperilaku, tapi kita tidak tahu persis apa sebetulnya maksud dan tujuannya. Confucius hampir bisa dikatakan sebagai Manusia Yang Paling Berpengaruh Sepanjang Sejarah, karenanya beruntunglah kita sebab filsafatnya ternyata agak buram dan cukup membosankan. Kumpulan kata-kata mutiaranya, ungkapannya yang samar-samar, dan berbagai anekdotnya membuat suatu filsafat ideal bagi para abdi masyarakat. Berbeda dengan banyak “ sang suhu” lain, ia tak ingin melihat murid-muridnya menjadi gelandangan tanpa uang yang keluyuran tanpa arah. Tujuannya adalah membuat murid-muridnya menjadi pegawai negeri yang berhasil, dan dalam hal ini ia terbukti sangat sukses. Selama lebih dari 2000 tahun Confucius telah memberikan ajaran tentang cara berperilaku. Ia berada di tengah-tengah kekuasaan kekaisaran Cina yang sangat menjemukkan. Kekaisaran inilah yang memberikan nasihat kepada kita dengan kalimat “ semoga engkau hidup pada masa yang mengesankan”. Di dalam kehidupan penganut Confucius Cina, kejenuhan adalah sesuatu yang membahagiakan.

Sebelu terjadinya revolusi komunis pada tahun 1949, Conficianisme diperlakukan dengan cara yang sangat mendua. Confucius sendiri dianggap sebagai salah seorang yang berasal dari kelas “ tuan tanah dan kapitalis”. Keika terjadi revolusi kebudayaan pada tahun 1960-an, Tentara Merah mencoba untuk memusnahkan sisa-sisa dari Confucianisme yang masih ada di dalam pemikiran Cina.

Confucius adalah nama latin dari Kungfutzu ( yang artinya “ sang suhu kung” ). Ia dilahirkan  pada abad ke-6 sebelum masehi dan menghabiskan besar hidupnya di wilayah pesisir-utara Cina. Confucius dilahirkan pada tahun 551 SM di negara Feodal Lu, yang sekarang menjadi bagian dari propinsi utara-tengah Shantung. Di dalam tubuhnya mengalir darah biru dan dia merupakan keturunan langung dari penguasa Dinasti Shang. Apa yang benar-benar kita ketahui hanyalah bahwa ayah Confucius adalah seorang pejabat militer rendahan dan telah berusia 70 tahun ketika Confucius dilahirkan. Ketika Confucius berusia 3 tahun, ayahnya meninggal dan ia dibesarkan oleh ibunya. Di akhir hidupnya, confucius memberikan catatan tentang masa remajanya, “ ketika akku berusia 15 tahun, aku hanya tertarik untuk belajar”. Inilah pondasi kokoh kehidupannya yang kelak dilihatnya bisa dibagi menjadi sejumlah tahap : ... “ pada waktu aku berumur 30, aku memulai hidupku; dan ketika umurku mencapai 40, aku yakin dengan semua yang aku percaya; pada usia 50, aku telah mengerti dalam segala hal; lalu pada umur 60 tahun, aku tahu tak ada perlunya aku berdalih; dan sekarang, pada usiaku telah mencapai 70 tahun, aku pun dapat melakukan apa pun tanpa mengganggu hidupku ”.

Banyak yang mengatakan bahwa kalangan Barat sama sekali tidak pernah bisa memahami filsafat Cina. Bahkan sebagian pemikir oriental beranggapan bahwa pikiran Barat tak mungkin menangkap kepelikan yang terdapat dalam kebijaksanaan Timur yang tanpa koneksi itu. Filsafat Cina muncul diabad ke-6 SM. Pada masa itu Cina berkembang apa yang disebut dengan “ Hundred School “ yang begitu beragam jdengan berbagai aliran dan menyebar di seluruh Cina. Sebagian besar sekolah ini diisi oleh ratusan filsuf, pengelana yang mengembara di seluruh negara bagian di Cina. Confucius mengajarkan tentang “ Jalan Manusia “, Lao-Tzu mengajarkan “ Jalan Alam”. Bagi Lao-tzu, “jalan” itu secara umum merupakan konsepsi yang bersifat mistik, metafisik. “ Jalan” itu merupakan suatu daya kekuatan abadi dan mutlak yang mengendalikan alam, tapi tetap saja tak berada dalam ruang dan waktu.


SALAH SATU NASIHAT CONFUCIUS...
Confucius menekankan perlunya belajar dan memberikan komentar mengenai sikap umum kita arti belajar :
“ Belajarlah seakan-akan kamu sama sekali tak akan bisa mempelajarinya, seolah-olah kamu takut akan kehilangan apa yang hendak kamu pelajari itu,”
“ Sungguh sukar untuk menemukan seserang yang ingin belajar selama tiga tahun tanpa ada harapan untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan setelah selesai ia belajar.”
Ungkapan-ungkapan Confucius

Rabu, 09 Mei 2012

Story of legend in Indonesia

And now,, I could to gave you the story of Sangkuriang from West Java, Indonesia... :)


Long time ago in West Java, lived a beautiful girl named DayangSumbi. She was also smart and clever. Her beauty and intelligence made a prince from the heavenly kingdom of Kahyangan desire her as his wife. The prince asked permission from his father to marry DayangSumbi. People from Kahyangan could never live side by side with humans, but his father approved on one condition, when they had a child, the prince would transform into a dog. The prince accepted the condition.
They get married and lived happily in the woods until DayangSumbi gave birth to a baby boy. The prince then changed into a dog named Tumang. Their son is named Sangkuriang. He was very smart and handsome like his father. Everyday, he hunted animals and looked for fruits to eat. One day, when he was hunting, Sangkuriang accidentally killed Tumang. His arrow missed the deer he was targeting and hit Tumang instead. He went home and tells her mother about the dog. “What?” DayangSumbi was appalled. Driven by sadness and anger, she grabbed a weaving tool and hit Sangkuriang’s head with it. DayangSumbi was so sad; she didn’t pay any attention to Sangkuriang and started to cry.
Sangkuriang feel sad and also confused. How can his mother love a dog more than him? Sangkuriang then decided to go away from their home and went on a journey. In the morning, DayangSumbi finally stopped crying. She started to feel better, so she went to find Sangkuriang. But her son was no where to be found. She looked everywhere but still couldn’t find him. Finally, she went home with nothing. She was exhausted. She fell asleep, and in her dream, she meets her husband. “DayangSumbi, don’t be sad. Go look for my body in the woods and get the heart. Soak it with water, and use the water to bathe, and you will look young forever,” said the prince in her dream. After bathing with the water used to soak the dog’s heart, DayangSumbi looked more beautiful and even younger.
And time passed by. Sangkuriang on his journey stopped at a village and met and fell in love with a beautiful girl.He didn’t realize that the village was his homeland and the beautiful girl was his own mother, DayangSumbi. Their love grew naturally and he asked the girl to marry him. One day, Sangkuriang was going on a hunt. He asked DayangSumbi to fix the turban on his head. DayangSumbi was startled when she saw a scar on his head at the same place where she, years ago, hit Sangkuriang on the head.
After the young man left, DayangSumbi prayed for guidance. After praying, she became convinced that the young man was indeed her missing son. She realized that she had to do something to prevent Sangkuriang from marrying her. But she did not wish to disappoint him by cancelling the wedding. So, although she agreed to marry Sangkuriang, she would do so only on the condition that he provides her with a lake and built a beautiful boat, all in one night.
Sangkuriang accepted this condition without a doubt. He had spent his youth studying magical arts. After the sun went down, Sangkuriang went to the hill. Then he called a group of genie to build a dam around Citarum River. Then, he commands the genies to cut down trees and build a boat. A few moments before dawn, Sangkuriang and his genie servants almost finished the boat.
DayangSumbi, who had been spying on him, realised that Sangkuriang would fulfill the condition she had set. DayangSumbi immediately woke all the women in the village and asked them to wave a long red scarf. All the women in the village were waving red scarf, making it look as if dawn was breaking. Deceived by false dawn, the cock crowed and farmers rose for the new day.
Sangkuriang’s genie servants immediately dropped their work and ran for cover from the sun, which they feared. Sangkuriang grew furious. With all his anger, he kicked the unfinished boat. The boat flew and landed on a valley. The boat then became a mountain, called Mount TangkubanPerahu (Tangkuban means upturned or upside down, and Perahu means boat). With his power, he destroyed the dam. The water drained from the lake becoming a wide plain and nowadays became a city called Bandung (from the word Bendung, which means Dam).

for picture.. :